1. Yazı bacarığı generativ yazı tələb edir – müəyyən mövzuda təxminən 100-120 sözlük esse yazmaq, arqumentləri izah etmək üçün xüsusi səbəblər və nümunələrdən istifadə etmək
2. Essenin quruluşu

Giriş

• General statements
• Thesis statement: Answering the question of Question II.

“ Əsas hissə

• Give arguments to solve the problem requirements. Each argument is written in a paragraph using specific reasons and examples to illustrate. It is recommended to write 2 to 3 paragraphs in the body of the article.
• Paragraph 1
• Paragraph 2

SONLUQ

• The conclusion usually consists of 2 parts: summarizing the main ideas and giving personal comments or opinions.
• Summary of main points
• Comment

II.   Ümumi Esse Növləri:

• Discussion: Discuss the pros and cons of an issue
• Opinion: a question about your opinion on an issue
• Problem – solution: State the problem and solution
• Cause-effect is a form of problem-solution. State the causes and consequences of a problem.
• The question may only require writing about one aspect (cause or effect of the problem) with a solution

1. Hər sual növünə bəzi nümunələr

1.     Discussion

• Discuss the advantages and disadvantages
  • What are the benefits and drawbacks?

I.            Opinion

• Do you agree or disagree?
  • To what extent do you agree or disagree?
  • Is this a positive or negative development?
  • How far do you agree or disagree?
  • What are your views on this?

II.            Problem – solution

• What are some of these problems?
  • What solutions can you suggest for solving these problems?

AÇILIŞ YAZI QAYDALARI

1. Giriş = ümumi bəyanatlar + tezis ifadəsi.
   1. The opening consists of 2 main parts: general statements (general sentences to introduce the topic) and sentences stating the main idea of the entire essay.
   1. How to write general statements: We can paraphrase the essay (rewrite sentences using synonyms or rewrite sentences that keep the meaning intact). The easiest way is to find synonyms for the topic and rewrite it with the same structure. At a higher level, you should try to understand the meaning of the question and then rewrite the sentence using a different structure.

1.                 Ümumi bəyanatların yazılması üçün bəzi yollar:

• Write a general Giriş: In recent years/ nowadays/ today…

Nowadays mobile phones are becoming more and more popular.

• Borrowing someone else’s idea: Some people believe that…

Some people believe that online shopping will replace in-store shopping in the future.

• Expressing personal opinion: In my view/ opinion,…

In my opinion, in-store shopping will still be part of our daily lives.

1.                 Tezis bəyanatı necə yazılır: Bu, bütün essenin əsas ideyasını ifadə edən cümlədir

• State the purpose of the article: The aim of this essay is to…

The aim of this essay is to disscuss the problems of unemployment among young people and suggest some possible solutions to solve them.

• State the structure of the article: This essay will firstly…., secondly…, thirdly… or this essay will firstly… and then….

This essay will firstly discuss the effects of fast food on people’s health and then suggest some solutions to tackle the problems.

• State the topic of the article: This essay is about/ this essay deals with

This essay is about / deals with women roles in modern society.

1.                 Məsələn:

1. Some people believe that television programmes are of no real value for children. How far do you agree or disagree?

Nowadays watching TV is a very popular leisure activity. Some people say that it is no use watching TV for children. I completely disagree with the statement because of the following reasons.

2.            These days, more and more people are going to other countries for significant periods of time, either to find a job or to study. There are clearly many benefits to doing this, but people who live abroad can also face some difficulties. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of living and working in a foreign country.

Nowadays, taking a year out to live or study abroad is becoming increasingly popular. For many people, especially young adults, the chance to spend an extended period of time overseas is an attractive one. However, there are both pros and cons to deciding to do this. In this essay, I will discuss some of the reasons why moving abroad is so popular and some of the challenges to be overcome.

3.            While mobile phones have many advantages, a number of problems have also resulted from them or the ways in which they are used. What are some of these problems? What solutions can you suggest for solving these problems?

Açılış: Nowadays mobile phones are widely used in our daily lives. There are both benefits and drawbacks of using mobile phones. This essay will describe some problems of using cell phones and propose some possible solutions to tackle them.

Nəticə: In conclusion, it is undeniable that mobile phones are of great importance to our lives and the pros of using them outweigh the cons. I believe that some arising problems can be resolved if the above suggested solutions are applied.

4.            Nowadays online shopping becomes more and more popular. Many people even think that it will replace in-store shopping in the future. What are the advantages and disadvantages of online shopping?

Açılış: Currently, people are increasingly doing their shopping on the Internet instead of going to stores. Many people say that purchasing online will substitute traditional shopping in the future. This essay aims to discuss both benefits and drawbacks of online shopping.

Nəticə: In conclusion, buying things online has become common nowadays. It is obvious that it has more merits than downsides. Therefore, I personally believe that it will be as important as in-store shopping in the future

5.            After graduating from high school, some young people decide to start working right away instead of going to university. What are the advantages and disadvantages for young people who decide to do this?

Açılış: Some young people would like to find a job after leaving high school rather than pursuing university education. In my opinion, there are both benefits and drawbacks of doing this.

Nəticə: In conclusion, those who begin working immediately after high school graduation meet many obstacles. At the same time, they also gain much experience in life and earn a sum of money for their future study.

6.            It is not necessary to travel to other places to learn the culture of other people. We can learn just as much from books, films and the internet. Do you agree or disagree?

Mở bài: Nowadays when people want to experience the culture of other people, it is possible to obtain information from different sources such as books, films and the Internet. While it is certainly valuable, I believe that nothing can replace the experience of learning about these cultures at first-hand.

Nəticə: In conclusion, we can use travel guidebooks, films or the Internet to get knowledge of other cultures. However, we can learn more by travelling

ESSENİN SONLUĞUNU  YAZMAQ ÜÇÜN TƏLİMATLAR

1.     Yaxşı bir son paraqrafın xüsusiyyətləri

• There is a sentence that summarizes the general idea of the whole article
  • Summarize all the main ideas of the lesson in other words, avoiding repeating words
  • Insert more personal opinion (advanced)

1.     Esseni bitirmək üçün istifadə olunan ifadələr

• To sum up,
  • Overall/ All in all,
  • In the final analysis,
  • Clearly,
  • In conclusion/ To conclude,
  • Ultimately,
  • In the end,
  • Taking everything into consideration,
  • All things considered,
  • Məsələn:
    • Some people believe that television programmes are of no real value for children. How far do you agree or disagree?

v Giriş

Nowadays watching TV is a very popular leisure activity. Some people say that it is no use watching TV for children. I completely disagree with the statement because of the following reasons.

1.                 Nəticə

In conclusion, it is clearly seen that children benefit much from watching TV such as entertaining and educational values.

• These days, more and more people are going to other countries for significant periods of time, either to find a job or to study. There are clearly many benefits to doing this, but people who live abroad can also face some difficulties. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of living and working in a foreign country.

v Giriş

Nowadays, taking a year out to live or study abroad is becoming increasingly popular. For many people, especially young adults, the chance to spend an extended period of time overseas is an attractive one. However, there are both pros and cons to deciding to do this. In this essay, I will discuss some of the reasons why moving abroad is 30 popular and some of the challenges to be overcome.

1.                 Nəticə

All things considered, starting life in a foreign country is never easy. You need to weigh up the pros of the better lifestyle, weather and so on, and the cons of culture shock and language barrier. Personally, I believe the benefits in terms of personal growth eventually outweigh any negatives.

INSTRUCTIONS ON HOW TO WRITE PARAGRAPHS

1.  1 paraqrafın strukturu

• Topic sentence
• Dəstək cümləsi 1
• Dəstək cümləsi 2
• Dəstək cümləsi n

1.      Tam Akademik Paraqraf Yazmaq üçün 4 Addım

When writing a letter or an essay, you all have to divide the article into several paragraphs. Let’s find out 04 steps to write a complete academic paragraph.

• Addım 1: Mövzu cümləsi yaz: After you have identified the topic of the paragraph, you can immediately start writing the topic sentence. A paragraph always has only one topic sentence (usually the first sentence) containing the main idea of the whole paragraph.
• Addım 2: Dəstək cümlələri yazın: Supporting sentences for topic sentences usually contain ideas in the form of defining, reasoning, and examples to explain and argue for the topic sentence.
• Addım 3: Paraqrafı əlaqələndirici sözlərlə inkişaf etdirin: Use linking words to link the ideas in the supporting sentence together. For example, to provide more information, it can be used in addition, furthermore, moreover, besides… To give an example, use such as, for example, for instance… Or use ordinal numbers to list ideas such as firstly, secondly, thirdly…
• Addım 4: Cümlə müxtəlifliyi: Use many different sentence patterns (single sentences, compound sentences, passive, active, etc.) both to avoid duplication and to excite readers. At the same time, you can also show off your knowledge and get a higher score.

1.         Nümunə

I believe the family is one of the most important structures in society. It is within the family that children can learn how to get on with other people and how to behave and these things are important for life in the wider world. The family should also be a stable unit that provides love and support to children. Without this love and support, children might find it difficult to manage in the wider world. For example, children without loving, supportive parents could feel unable to do the things they would like to do, like going to university.

1.        Aşağıdakı mövzu cümləsi üçün tam bir paraqraf yazın.

1. Mövzu cümləsi: Mobile phones are an excellent tool for communication.Dəstək ideyası 1: phones are used by most people to keep in contact with friends and work.Dəstək ideyası 2: mobile phones make arrangements easier.

Mobile phones are an excellent tool for communication. Today, these phones are used by most people to keep in contact with friends and work. Mobile phones can help parents find out where their children are. For example, if a child is not home on time, their parents can call them and check where they are. In addition, mobile phones make arrangements easier. This is because people can use their mobile phones to change plans or call people if they are delayed.

2.     Mövzu cümləsi: There are many advantages of social networking.

• Dəstək ideyası 1: Social networking helps people keep in touch with their friends and family easily.
  • Dəstək ideyası 2: social networking helps people pass on news.

There are many advantages of social networking. Firstly, social networking means that people can keep in touch with their friends and family easily. For example, if a person has relatives in another country, they can keep in contact using Facebook. In addition, social networking helps people pass on news. Often when a news story breaks, social websites help us hear the experiences and opinions of the people where the news is happening.

ÜSTÜNLÜKLƏR VƏ MƏNFI TƏRƏFLƏR HAQQINDA ESSE YAZMAQ ÜÇÜN BƏLƏDÇİ

I.   Giriş: The question asks you to state the pros and cons of a problem

1. Müzakirə essesində bəzi suallar varDiscuss the advantages and disadvantagesWhat are the benefits and drawbacks?

1.         Essenin quruluşu Müsbət və Mənfi Cəhətlər

• Paragraph 1: Açılış – introducing the topic
  • Paragraph 2: State the good points of the problem
  • Paragraph 3: State the bad points of the problem
  • Paragraph 4: Conclusion (reiterating the main ideas and stating your own point of view)

1.        Müsbət və mənfi cəhətləri ifadə edən bəzi ifadələr

1. İsimlər/isim ifadələriAdvantages and disadvantagesBenefits and drawbacksMerits and Downsides: Benefits and DisadvantagesPros and Cons: Positives and Cons

1.     Sifətlər + isimlər

Use the following adjective pairs with one of the following nouns

• positive and negative

• welcome and unwelcome
  • favourable and unfavourable
  • desirable and undesirable
  • beneficial and detrimental

• Consequences
  • results
  • Impacts
  • effects

1. Məsələn:

The Internet has as many disadvantages as it does advantages. To what extent do you agree with this statement?

2.     Açılış:

Since its development in the 1970s, the Internet has become a key tool for obtaining information and for communication all over the world. The Internet has both advantages and disadvantages but, overall, I believe the benefits outweigh the drawbacks.

3.     ƏSAS HİSSƏ

1. Advantages of the Internet

Firstly, the Internet has made work and social life much easier. Sending emails and using video conferencing in the workplace have made business quicker and more efficient. For example, in the past, people often had to travel long distances for meetings and now they can video call instead. Also, the Internet makes it easier to keep in contact with family and friends through email and social networking websites. People can give friends and relatives their news quickly and easily. In addition, meetings, parties and social events for large groups of people are easier to organize in this way. Finally, finding out information online is much quicker than visiting libraries or making expensive phone calls.

b)    Disadvantages of the Internet

On the other hand, people claim the Internet has some downsides. Some people say that the Internet makes people lazy. For example, people now do lots of things online, like shopping and socializing, when it might be better for them to do these things in the ‘real’ world. Furthermore, the Internet contains a lot of information which is not correct. This is because anyone can put anything they want on the Internet and it is not always checked for accuracy or truth. Users need to be sure that the websites they look at are reliable sources of information.

4.     Nəticə:

In conclusion, although it has advantages and disadvantages, the Internet has made life so much easier in so many ways, that, as long as people know how to use it effectively, it can be an excellent tool.

BAXIŞ BUCAĞINI TƏQDIM EDƏN ESSE YAZMAQ ÜÇÜN QAYDALAR

1. Giriş:  The question asks to state a point of view on an issue

II.   Rəy sualında bəzi suallar var

• Do you agree or disagree?
• To what extent do you agree or disagree?
• How far do you agree or disagree?
• What are your views on this?

III.  Struktur

For an essay that states a point of view on an issue, the writer can choose one of the following 2 approaches.

1.            Strong opinion:

• In this form, the writer either completely agrees or completely disagrees. At the beginning of the article, it is necessary to clearly state the point of view and in the body of the article state 2 main ideas to prove the use of examples and references.
  • At level B1, the easiest way is to directly state your opinion. For example: I completely agree with the statement. (I completely agree with the statement)

I totally disagree with the statement. (I completely disagree with that statement).

v Strong opinion essay structure:

• Paragraph 1: Açılış
  • Paragraph 2: body of lesson 1 – state reason 1
  • Paragraph 3: body of lesson 2 – state reason 2
  • Paragraph 4: Conclusion
• Balanced opinion: You can resolve the topic in this direction if you see that there are points of agreement but also opposition.

v Balanced opinion essay structure:

• Paragraph 1: Açılış
• Paragraph 2: body of lesson 1 – state the reasons for agreeing
• Paragraph 3: body of lesson 2 – state the reasons for objection
• Paragraph 4: Conclusion

v Some structures to write a balanced opinion essay

• While I accept that… (stating the reason for agreeing), I believe that… (stating the reason for objection)
• On the one hand,… (stating reasons for consent) and illustrative examples

• On the other hand,… (if the reason for objection) and illustrative examples
• In conclusion,…
• While there are grounds to argue that (state the reasons for agreeing), it can equally be argued that… (stating the reason for objection).
• One of the main arguments in favour of (stating the reason for agreeing)
• Despite these arguments, there is an equally strong case to be made that (stating the reasons for the objection)
• In conclusion, I believe that there are merits on both sides of the argument.
• Some common structures

1.            Presenting ideas

• I would argue/say that… I suppose…
  • In my view… In my opinion…
  • It seems (to me) that… It seems…
  • I tend to think that /I feel that… I have the idea that/I feel that…
  • As far as I am concerned… As far as I’m concerned/known….
  • Some/Most people argue/think/say/ believe/ feel that… Some/most people argue/think/say/believe/ feel that…
  • It is understood that… Everyone understands that…
  • It is generally accepted that… People generally accept that
  • There is a tendency to believe that… There is a tendency to believe that…
  • Many people hold the view that… Many people have an opinion / think that…
  • One of the main arguments in favour of / against… One of the main arguments for/against….
  • There is a common belief that… Many people believe that….

2.            Refuting an argument

• I am unconvinced that… I’m not convinced (= I don’t agree)
  • I do not believe that… (I don’t believe that)
  • Some people find it hard to accept that… Some people find it difficult to accept
  • It is doubtful whether… (Still skeptical…)
  • There is little evidence to support the view
  • I disagree with the view/argument that… (I don’t agree with the view/thesis)…
  • I am uncertain whether… (I’m not sure if….)

3.            Explaining

• By this I (do not) mean …   I mean/ I don’t mean that…
  • In other words,… In other words,
  • In fact,…        The fact is that
  • That is to say,… This is to say that
  • That is not to say that… That’s not to say that…
  • To be more precise,… More precisely,

V.    For example:

Students are becoming more and more reliant on the Internet. While the Internet is convenient, it has many negative effects and its use for educational purposes should be restricted. How far do you agree with this statement?

1. Açılış: agree with the view that the Internet is a useful educational tool, but it is also necessary to limit its use in some cases.

Nowadays, the Internet is widely used in education around the world. Some people say it is beneficial for teaching and learning because there is so much information available. However, others claim that the Internet is bad for students’ research skills and believe that its use should be restricted. I believe that use of the Internet should be limited in some ways, but it is still a valuable educational tool.

2.     ƏSAS HİSSƏ

1. State the benefits of the Internet, especially in education
2. Internet is widely used in the workplace and people’s every lives. The Internet is widely used in work and in daily life.
3. Students use Internet to search for updated information. Students often use the Internet to search for updates.

Firstly, the Internet is essential for many people today. It is widely used in the workplace and people’s everyday lives, both for finding information, for personal finance, for keeping in touch with friends and family, for social networking and so on. Therefore, school students should learn how to use it correctly. In addition, students also need it for research in school and university subjects. Nowadays the most up-to-date information can be found on the Internet, rather than in books which can become out of date very quickly. Using the Internet is a convenient way of finding out information and developing independent research skills.

b)    Highlighting the disadvantages of the Internet in education

• Not all information on the Internet is correct. Not all information on the network is accurate.
• Students need to learn how to research and use information on the Internet properly. Students need to learn how to search for and use information logically.

However, the Internet has some negative aspects. For example, not all websites are reliable or contain accurate information. Students need to learn how to evaluate and check the material they find on the Internet. Also, many students simply copy large amounts of material, such as essays from the Internet. Some students then pretend that this material is their own work, which is illegal. If students simply copy information or material from the Internet without understanding or analysing it, they will not learn it fully. Teachers need to teach students how to research and use information from the Internet properly.

• Nəticə: Reaffirming the problem

In conclusion, schools and universities should teach students how to use the Internet by teaching them good research skills. If students know how to use the Internet effectively, they are likely to become better students and have better employment opportunities in the future.

SOLUTION PROBLEM ESSAY WRITING GUIDE

1. STRUCTURE:  The problem-solution essay can follow one of the following 2 structures.

1.            Option 1

• Scenario Giriş
  • Paragraph 1 = problem 1 + solution
  • Paragraph 2 = problem 2 + solution
  • Conclusion

2.            Option 2

• Scenario Giriş
  • State all the issues
  • State all solutions
  • Conclusion
• SOME COMMON STRUCTURES

v How to raise an issue

1. One of the most obvious/ serious problems is …

One of the most obvious problems is that cities have to suffer from traffic problems.

One of the common problems is that cities are facing traffic problems.

2.            Another problem is that …

Another problem is that sometimes public transport offers poor, slow service.

Another problem is that sometimes public transportation services are poor and slow.

3.            Another worrying trend is …

Another worrying trend is air pollution is creased in big cities.

Another worrying trend is the rising air pollution in big cities.

v How to state a solution

1. Should/ could

The government should create more jobs for people.

The government should create more jobs for the people.

2.            The most obvious solution / answer is (for sb) to do st

The most obvious solution is for the government to build more roads.

The most obvious solution is for the government to build more roads.

3.            One practical method in approaching the issue is to

A practical method of solving this problem is…

4.            The ultimate solution often provided is

The most common optimal solution is…

5.            Steps/ measures should be taken in order to overcome the problem of

……………

Steps should be taken in order to overcome the problem of air pollution in big cities.

Measures should be taken to address the problem of air pollution in big cities.

6.            A further step (solution)/ another option/ one possibility/ a good idea is to…

• To resolve/ deal with/ tackle/ improve the problem/ issue/ situation, S + V

To resolve the problem, the government should invest more in public transport.

To solve this problem, the government needs to invest more in public transportation.

• The problem/ issue/ situation could be resolved/ tackled/ addressed/ improved by investing in public transport.
• By investing more in public transport, the problem/ issue/ situation can be resolved/ tackled/ addressed/ improved.
• Some verbs that go along with solution

devise/find/propose/provide and reach a solution

11.            Some adjectives that come with solution

(a/an) ideal/obvious/optimal/ultimate/instant/ ingenious/ creative/practical/temporary solution

12.            a solution to a problem

1. Example

Many cities suffer from traffic-related problems. What problems does traffic cause in cities and what are the possible solutions?

1.     Açılış:

Nowadays, almost every city in the world has to face with traffic related problems. This essay will describe some problems caused by traffic and suggest some possible solutions to overcome them.

2.     ƏSAS HİSSƏ

• Traffic jams are caused by too many cars and lorries. The number of vehicles allowed into city centres should be limited to reduce the amount of traffic.
  • Traffic problems in cities increase journey times to work and school. People should pay to drive into cities during busy times such as mornings and evenings.

Firstly, one of the most obvious problems in big cities is traffic jams. They are caused by too many cars and lorries, especially during rush hours. It can easily be seen that a long line of vehicles get stuck in the traffic. As a result, it takes longer time to get to work or school. A solution to this problem is to limit the number of vehicles allowed in city centres to reduce the amount of traffic. Moreover, people should pay to drive into cities during busy times such as mornings and evenings. By doing this, more money can be raised to invest in public transport.

• Air pollution caused by traffic has increased health problems.
  • Environmentally-friendly cars should be cheaper./ public transport should be more reliable and efficient.

Another worrying trend is that air pollution caused by traffic has increased health problems. For example, people in big cities seem to suffer from respiratory diseases more often than those in the countryside. To tackle this problem, the government should help to produce cheaper environmentally friendly cars. Also, public transport should be more reliable and efficient so that people would rely on public transport more. This would lead to a reduction in the amount of traffic and air pollution would be decreased consequently.

3.         Nəticə:

In conclusion, traffic problems such as traffic jams and air pollution are very common in cities. I believe that if the suggested measures are taken, these problems will be resolved.

A GUIDE TO WRITING A CAUSE – EFFECT ESSAY

I.   STRUCTURE

• Paragraph 1: General Giriş of the topic and answering the question requirements
• Paragraph 2: State the cause
• Paragraph 3: State the consequences
• Paragraph 4: Summarize the main idea and remarks
• SOME COMMON STRUCTURES

v Some cause-effect verbs:

1. Cause cause sth

Lack of parental supervision causes students’ misbehavior.

Lack of parental attention makes students spoiled.

Cause sth / sb + to + verb (base form)

Lack of parental supervision causes students to misbehave in schools.

2.            Lead to lead to sth

Smoking might lead to lung cancer.

lead to sb/sth+verb(ing)

Smoking might lead to people having lung cancer.

lead sb / sth + to + verb (base form)

Smoking might lead people to have lung cancer.

Smoking can lead to lung cancer.

3.            Make make sth

make sb/sth+verb(base form)

For example, Unemployment makes people become stressful.

Unemployment makes people stressed.

4.            Result in

Poor preparation often results in failure in exams.

Laziness to revise leads to failing exams.

5.            Result from + a cause

Failure in exams results from poor preparation.

v Some nouns indicate cause and effect

1. Cause of = reason for

One cause of obesity is an inactive lifestyle.

One cause of obesity is an inactive lifestyle.

There are several reasons for obesity.

There are a few reasons for obesity.

2.   Effect/ impact/ influence/ result

• Have a negative/ positive/ bad/good effect/ impact/ influence on: Have a negative / positive/ good/ bad effect on…

Unemployment has a negative effect on the society.

Unemployment has a negative effect on society.

One negative result of unemployment is higher crime rate.

One negative effect of unemployment is the increase in crime rates.

1. For example:

Childhood obesity is becoming a serious problem in many countries. Explain the main causes and effects of this problem, and suggest some possible solutions.

1.   Açılış:

Many nations in the world are now facing the problem of obesity among young children. As it badly affects young generation’s health, steps should be taken to

overcome this problem. In this essay, I would describe some significant reasons for this problem, the effects it brings and propose some possible solutions.

2.   ƏSAS HİSSƏ

1. Causes
2. Eat Junk Food E.G. Hamburgers, Chips/ Drink Sugary Soft Drinks
3. lack of exercise/ physical activity contributes to the obesity problem
4. play computer games/ chat on the Internet, rather than playing outside or doing sport

b)    Effects

• These problems lead to obesity/ children are overweight, unhealthy, unfit
• a higher risk of diseases e.g. diabetes, heart disease, cancer
• put a strain on hospitals/ they will be a burden on hospitals in the future

Firstly, one of the most obvious reasons for being overweight is an inactive lifestyle. It is true that children nowadays tend to lack exercise and physical activities. For example, many children like playing computer games or chatting on the Internet rather than playing outside or doing sport. Another cause of this is the young’s preferable unhealthy diet. They often eat junk food like hamburgers or drink sugary soft drinks. This less active habit and unhealthy diet would contribute to obesity which can lead to a higher risk of diseases such as diabetes, heart diseases or cancer.

c)     Solutions

• it is the parents’/ schools’/ government’s responsibility to..
• give children health food/ control what they eat/ ensure that they have a healthy diet/ limit junk food advertising
• restrict the time they spend playing computer games/ encourage them to take regular exercise

The problem of obesity can be solved in many ways. Firstly, it is the parents’ and schools’ responsibility to ensure that children have a healthy diet at home as well as at school. Furthermore, parents could restrict the time they spend playing computer games and at the same time encourage them to take regular exercise. A further solution is for the government to limit junk food advertising. By doing this, children can stay away from food that has a negative effect on their health.

3.   Nəticə:

In conclusion, obesity is still one of the most serious problems affecting children’s health in the modern world. I believe that only when parents, schools and government take actions, could the problem be resolved.

STEPS TO PRACTICE ESSAY WRITING

To achieve high results when writing an essay, you should follow these steps sequentially.

Be mindful of allocating reasonable time for essay writing. Candidates should spend a maximum of 40 minutes on this essay.

1.   Before writing (5-10 minutes) analyze the topic and make a detailed outline

• Read the topic carefully to determine which genre the essay falls into: advantage/disadvantage, opinion, problem-solution, cause-effect.
  • Brainstorming: List all the thoughts in the draft input, then select 2 or 3 big ideas. Each big idea will be used to write 1 topic sentence for the paragraph. Other ideas can be combined as supporting sentences for the topic sentence or as examples.
  • Opening writing: see how to write an opening in the previous lesson.
  • List some good phrases and sentences on the topic of the essay to write

2.   While writing (20 – 25 minutes)

• Write the edited post open.
  • Write body paragraphs based on a detailed outline. Notice that each major idea is written in a paragraph with a topic sentence. Each topic sentence should use different structures and vocabulary.

3.   After writing (5 minutes) check the article

• Take a moment to check for spelling and grammar errors, if any.

ESSAY GRADING CRITERIA

• Just like the letter writing section, the essay is also scored on 4 major criteria: completing the essay requirements, organizing the article, vocabulary and grammar.
  • More specifically, when writing an essay, you need to pay attention to the following points.
• Sufficient required length (100-120 words)
• Identify the right type of topic and clearly state the direction of solving the problem requirement.
• There are main ideas in accordance with the requirements of the topic, each main idea is written in a paragraph with a clear topic sentence.
• Develop your idea coherently with supporting sentences, topic sentences, and illustrative examples.
• There is a reasonable division: opening the card, the body of the card divided into 2 or 3 paragraphs, ending the article
• There are tools used to link ideas and links between paragraphs
• Use a variety of collocations and vocabulary, avoiding word repetition
• No vocabulary mistakes (vocabulary choice, spelling)

• Uses a lot of complex sentences
• No grammatical errors

Writing Question No. 1

Countries should promote skills and vocational training for practical work, rather than spending more money on university education. Do you agree or disagree?

• Problem analizi: Opinion Essay – Presenting an opinion on an issue is the most common form of essay writing in the  writing test.

1.   Açılış

• Reiterate the question and state your personal opinion: Countries spend different amounts of money on investment and education. Some people argue that vocational education should receive more money than higher education. In my opinion, higher education should still be focused and invest more money for the following reasons.

2.   ƏSAS HİSSƏ

• Paragraph 1: State the benefits of vocational education
  • Individuals can find a job instantly right after finishing vocational courses à start earning money early .
  • Vocational training is often far shorter than university education à reduce the financial pressure on supporting student life. Vocational training is usually shorter than college education and reduces the financial pressure of raising children for college.
  • Paragraph 2: Benefits of higher education
    • University graduates can get a job with a higher salary. Graduates can get a job with a higher salary.
    • Those who graduates from university can have more chances for promotion and career growth. College graduates have more opportunities for career advancement and development.
    • University education offers students more chances to gain in-depth knowledge and skills which are necessary for future jobs. Higher education provides students with many opportunities to gain the in-depth knowledge and skills needed for their future jobs.
    • People live in a knowledge-based economy, so countries need people with higher education to compete and prosper. People are living in a knowledge economy so countries need people who go to college to compete and prosper.

3.   Conclusion

In short, the government should still invest more in higher education.

v Some paraphrase vocabulary phrases

• University education ~ attending university ~ going to university ~ higher education ~ those who graduate from university ~ people with university degrees

/ Bachelor’s Degrees ~ University Courses.

• Vocational training ~ (attending) vocational courses ~ practical skills training

v Sample post:

Many nations spend different amounts of expenditure on vocational training and university education. Some people suppose that vocational courses should receive more financial support instead of higher education. In my opinion, university education would bring more benefits to countries than skills training.

In the first place, those who are in favour of vocational training point out monetary benefits. It is obvious that individuals can find a job instantly right after finishing vocational courses. It means that they can start earning money much earlier than those with university degrees. Another merit of practical skills training is that it reduces the financial pressure on supporting student life. It is true that many students are burdened with debts during university time. This is because students who come from poor families find it hard to pay for the tuition fees, living costs and so on. Those who choose to attend vocational courses, however, can begin to save money and get married soon.

On the other hand, university education leads to numerous benefits to both individuals and the society; hence, it should receive more national budget. Firstly, university graduates can get a job with a higher salary because most good jobs require at least a bachelor’s degree. Moreover, those who graduates from university can have more chances for promotion and career growth as attending university offers students more chances to gain in-depth knowledge and skills which are necessary for future jobs.

Besides, the society can also benefit more from higher education. Nowadays, people live in a knowledge-based economy so countries need people owning university bachelors to compete and prosper.

In conclusion, although vocational training can bring students financial benefits in the short term, the government should still increase funds for university education in order to gain great achievements in economics in the long term.

v  VƏ YA :

Countries spend different expenditures on vocational training and higher education. Some argue that vocational courses should receive more financial support than higher education. In my opinion, higher education will bring more benefits to the country than skills training.

First, vocational training advocates point to the monetary benefits. It is obvious that individuals can search for work as soon as they complete their apprenticeship. That means they can start making money much earlier than those who go to college. Another benefit of hands-on skills training is that it reduces the financial pressure of raising a child for college. Yes, many students get into debt when they go to college. This is because many students in disadvantaged families find it difficult to pay tuition fees, living expenses, etc. However, apprentices can start saving money and get married early.

On the other hand, higher education brings many benefits to both individuals and society, so more funds need to be received. First, college graduates can get a job with a higher salary because many good jobs require a minimum college degree. Furthermore, college graduates have many opportunities for advancement and career development because attending college gives students many opportunities to gain the in-depth knowledge and skills needed for future jobs. Besides, society also reaps more benefits from higher education. Today, people live in a knowledge economy, so countries need people with university degrees to compete and prosper.

In conclusion, while vocational training can provide students with financial benefits in the short term, the government should still increase funding for higher education to achieve great economic gains in the long term.

Writing Question No. 2

Nowadays, salaries of sport athletes such as footballers and tennis players are 10 times higher than those of teachers. Many people think that athletes’ salaries are high because of the long time to practice and a lot of injuries. Others think that other professions such as teachers, doctors, and policemen also deserve higher salaries.

What is your opinion?

• Analysis of the topic: The topic is in the category of opinion essay: write in a balanced direction

v Some key ideas

• Athletes deserve high salaries
  • Some athletes can get income from other sources besides their main job For example: some famous athletes make money through endorsement, event participation
  • They have short careers compared to other professions For example, an athlete may retire in his early 35s while a doctor may work until he is 60
  • They may suffer from serious injuries when taking part in competitions

–       Other professions should get high salaries because of their great contribution to society

• Teachers educate people and train labour resources
  • Doctors save people’s lives and improve human health/well-being
  • Policeman ensure the safety of people and the security of society.

v Sample

These days, unequal pay among different professions has been a heated topic in society. While some people claim that athletes deserve to receive high salary because of their great effort in work, others are of the opinion that careers like teachers, doctors and policemen should get the high income due to their contribution. My essay will dissect both sides of this issue and give my personal view.

On the one hand, it is apparent that being athletes should be a well-paid job due to some reasons. The first one is that some athletes can get more income from other sources besides their main job. For instance, some well-known football players can make money through endorsement, event participation and so on. Moreover, sportspeople often have shorter careers compared to other professions. To make it clear, an athlete may retire in his early 35s while a doctor may work until he is 60. Last but not least, they may suffer from serious injuries when taking part in competitions. Obviously, some athletes have to spend a huge amount of time recovering from the hurt they encounter, some become a burden for family, therefore, high salary can partly compensate for their loss.

On the other hand, other professions had better get deserving income due to their effort in developing society and assisting others. First and foremost, teachers play a crucial part in educating and training labour resources which make a great contribution to the development of the country. Furthermore, doctors are important as they are those who save people’s lives and improve human well-being. Finally, policemen contribute to ensuring the safety of people and the security of society.

All things considered, each profession definitely has its indispensable role. From my point of view, they should receive the salary which is appropriate to their contribution to society.

v  VƏ YA :

Today, unfair pay between different professions is a topic of concern in society. While some argue that athletes deserve high salaries because of their enormous effort at work, others argue that careers such as teachers, doctors, and police officers should be well-paid due to their dedication. My essay will analyze both sides of this issue and give my personal perspective.

On the one hand, it is clear that athletes are paid well because of a number of reasons. The first reason is that some athletes may have additional income from sources other than their main job. For example, some famous soccer players can earn money through advertising, participating in events, etc. Moreover, sports players typically have shorter careers compared to other professions. For example, an athlete can retire at the age of 35 while a doctor can work until he is 60 years old.

Eventually, they can suffer serious injuries while participating in competitions. It is clear that some athletes have to spend a lot of time recovering from the injuries they have, some become a burden on the family, so the high salary can partially compensate for their loss.

On the other hand, other professions should have a more decent income because of their efforts in social development and helping others. First of all, teachers play an important role in the education and training of the workforce, contributing greatly to the development of the country. Moreover, doctors are important because they are the ones who save people’s lives and improve people’s health. Finally, the police contribute to ensuring the safety of the people and social security.

In short, each profession plays a certain important role. In my view, they should receive a salary that is commensurate with their contribution to society.

Writing Question No. 3

When choosing a job, people often consider between job satisfaction and high salary. Many of us agree that job satisfaction is more important than high salary. When we love our job, we will devote time and effort to it, thereby gaining success. It is obvious

that we get salary monthly, but we receive job satisfaction daily and even forever. Do you agree or disagree with this idea?

v Outline

Opinion essays, written in the direction of balance: job satisfaction and high salary are equally important

–       The feeling of satisfaction brings many benefits in work

• job satisfaction puts employees in a good mood when they work

→ their work efficiency and productivity increase

→ it contributes to creating a friendly working environment

• satisfaction in job enables to reduce stress and work pressure

→ their health becomes better, they can live a happy life

–       High income plays a pivotal role in people’s life

• People need to get a well-paid job to cover living expenses such as food, accommodation, monthly bills and so on
  • Good salary ensure a better life and improve quality of living
    • People can get access to better medical services and give their children a better education
    • They can save money for the future
  • Money is one of the most crucial criteria to create job satisfaction
    • The more money people earn, the more satisfied they feel with the job.

v Sample post:

In contemporary society, people have to consider various factors when choosing a job. Some people claim that the satisfaction they gain in work is much more crucial than the high-paying salary they get. From my point of view, both job satisfaction and high salary are equally important because of some reasons as follows.

The feeling of satisfaction benefits people a lot in their career. One of the most obvious causes is that it may put employees in a good mood. Being satisfied with job motivates them to work better, as a result, their work efficiency and productivity increase. Besides, it contributes to forming a friendly working environment. Added to that, satisfaction in job enables people to release stress. It is obvious that in this competitive world, some people may be under a lot of work pressure, therefore, job satisfaction can help them to

overcome challenges with enjoyment. As a consequence, their health becomes better and they live a happier life.

High income also plays an important role in people’s life. First of all, people need to get a well-paid job to cover living expenses such as food, accommodation, monthly bills and so on. Moreover, a good salary can ensure a better life for themselves and their family. For example, people can get access to better medical services and give their children a better education. Besides, some money can be used to save for the future.

Last but not least, money is one of the most crucial criteria to create job satisfaction. The more money people earn, the more satisfied they feel with the job.

In conclusion, each person will make their own decisions to choose between job satisfaction and high salary when applying for a job. From my perspective, the satisfaction is of great importance to work effectively.

v  VƏ YA :

In contemporary society, people have to consider different factors when choosing a job. Some people argue that the satisfaction they achieve at work is much more important than the high salary they receive. In my view, both job satisfaction and high salaries are equally important for a number of reasons as follows.

A sense of satisfaction gives people a lot of benefits at work. One of the most obvious causes is that it can help employees get in a good mood. Job satisfaction motivates them to perform better, resulting in increased work efficiency and productivity. Besides, it contributes to the formation of a friendly working environment. Plus, job satisfaction allows people to reduce stress. It is easy to see that in this competitive world, some people may be under a lot of work pressure, so job satisfaction can help them overcome challenges with pleasure. As a result, their health becomes better and they live a happier life.

High income also plays an important role in people’s lives. First, people need to have a job with a high salary to cover living expenses such as food, shelter, monthly bills, etc. Moreover, a good salary can ensure a better life for themselves and their families. For example, people can access better health services and give their children a better education. Besides

there, some money can be used to save for the future. Ultimately, money is one of the most important criteria for creating job satisfaction. The more money they make, the more satisfied they feel with their work.

In short, each person will make their own decision to choose between job satisfaction and high salary when applying for a job. In my view, satisfaction is important for being productive.

Writing Question No. 4

Read the following extract

Traffic jams are becoming a huge problem for many major cities. Effort has been made to cope with it, for example, the construction of new bridges, the situation seems not to change much.

Write an essay to discuss the causes of traffic jams and suggest some solutions. You should write at least 100 words. Your response will be evaluated in terms of Task Fulfillment, Organization, Vocabulary, and Grammar.

• Problem analizi:  The question is in the category of Causes – Solutions (presenting causes and solutions).

o   Causes of traffic jams

• The number of vehicles is on the increase. The number of vehicles on the road is increasing
  • Traffic infrastructures are out-of-date
  • People do not obey traffic laws

–       Solutions:

• Improve public transport
  • Impose high taxes on private vehicles
  • Give heavy fines to people who break traffic laws. Heavy fines for those who do not obey traffic laws

v Sample post:

Traffic congestion is one of the most serious problems that almost every country in the world is facing now. A number of solutions have been proposed to tackle the problems,

namely building new bridges but outcomes are not desirable. This essay will describe some reasons for traffic jams and suggest several solutions to combat them.

It is obvious that traffic jams are caused by several factors. One clear reason is that the number of vehicles is on the increase. Nowadays people rely mainly on private vehicles to move around. Take Vietnam for example. Most people travel to and from work by motorbikes and there has been a considerable increase in the number of cars in the past few years. Furthermore, traffic congestion also results from out-of-date traffic infrastructures. For instance, some streets or roads are so small that they cannot accommodate the increasing number of vehicles. As a result, long lines of traffic are common even not during peak hours. Last but not least, some people do not obey traffic rules, which leads to traffic standstill.

Clear measures should be taken in order to tackle the problem of traffic jams. One solution is for the government to improve public transport. It is important that the State make public transport more reliable and affordable so that more people will depend on it as a main means of transport. A further step is that the Government could impose high taxes on private vehicles, especially cars. By doing this, people are discouraged to travel by those and choose public transport instead. They could also invest more in widening roads and constructing new bridges. Finally, heavy fines should be given to people who break traffic laws. As a consequence, people would strictly observe traffic rules.

In conclusion, the problem of traffic jams is really worrying and only when strict actions are taken, can the problem be solved.

v Translation

Traffic jams are one of the serious problems that every country in the world is facing. Many solutions have been proposed to solve the problem, such as building a new bridge, but the results are not as desired. This essay will describe some of the causes of traffic jams and suggest a few solutions to solve the problem.

It is clear that traffic jams are caused by a few causes. One obvious reason is the increasing number of vehicles. Nowadays people depend mainly on personal vehicles for transportation. Take Vietnam as an example. Most people commute by motorcycle, and there has been a significant increase in the number of cars over the years. Moreover, traffic jams are also caused by outdated infrastructure. For example, some roads and streets are so small that they cannot accommodate the growing number of vehicles. Therefore, long lines of vehicles are a universal spectacle

variable, not even during rush hour. Eventually, some people don’t comply with traffic laws, leading to traffic stalls.

Solutions need to be implemented to solve the problem of traffic jams. The government needs to improve public transportation. It is important that the State makes public transportation more reliable and cheaper so that more people will depend on it as a means of transportation. Another measure is that the government imposes high taxes on personal vehicles, especially cars. By doing this, people will feel discouraged from traveling by private vehicle and opting for public transportation. They can also invest more in widening roads and building new bridges. Finally, there should be heavy penalties for those who violate traffic laws. Therefore, everyone will strictly comply with traffic laws.

In conclusion, the problem of traffic jams is really worrying and only when serious actions are taken will this problem be solved.

Writing Question No. 5

Read the following extract

Recently, the role of men and women in the family has changed. Men tend to spend more time taking care of their family. Women go to work and pursue their careers. Is this a positive or negative development? Give your opinion.

You should write at least 100 words. Your response will be evaluated in terms of Task Fulfilment, Organization, Vocabulary, and Grammar.

v Topic analysis:

Opinion (presenting a point of view on an issue)

• Some big ideas: Implement the article in the direction of Strong Opinion (fully agree)
• Benefits to families
  • Women:
    • pursue occupation, make their dreams come true
    • become financially independent, have their own decisions Become financially independent, make  their own decisions
    • Make money to cover the rising costs
  • Children:

• receive love from both parents when fathers involve in childcare, chidren’s upbringing. Receive the love of both parents as fathers care more about caring for and nurturing their children
  • Family:
    • Have more time together and become closer
• Benefits to society
  • Role changes demonstrate a good model of family
  • Boost the economy
  • Some jobs can be done better by women than by men

v  VƏ YA :

In recent years, it is true that there have been many changes in the role of men and women in the family. While men take on the role of househusband, more women have chances to develop their careers. In my opinion, this is a positive trend.

In the first place, role changes in modern families bring a number of benefits to families. It is delighted that women are given the opportunity to go to work instead of having worked as housewives. They can pursue their occupation and make their dreams come true. Besides, when they are financially independent, they tend to have their own decisions. Furthermore, when women go to work, they can make money to cover the rising costs of the modern life. Another merit is that when more men involve in household chores, childcare and children’s upbringing, children can not only receive love from their mothers but also from their fathers. Moreover, family members can have more time to spend with each other. As a result, they can become closer.

Furthermore, that the roles of men and women in the family have changed can lead to a number of merits to the society and they demonstrate a good model of family. First and foremost, when women go to work, they can earn more money and help the economy boost more. It is obvious that women’s participation in the workplace will definitely make plenty of contribution to many companies and to the society. Another reason is that many jobs can be fulfilled much better by women than by men, for example, sewing. When tasks are assigned to suitable employees, companies can gain higher productivity.

In conclusion, the changing roles of men and women in the family are a result of wider changes in society, and I believe that these developments are desirable.

v Translation

In recent years, it is true that there have been many changes in the roles of men and women in the family. While men serve as housewife husbands, there are many women who have opportunities to advance their careers. In my opinion, this is a positive trend.

First, the change in roles in the modern family brings many benefits to the family. It’s nice that women are given the opportunity to go to work instead of being housewives. They can pursue careers and make their dreams come true. Besides, when they are financially independent, they tend to make their own decisions. Moreover, when women go to work, they can earn money to cover the increasing costs in modern society. Another benefit is that when men are involved in household chores, care, and parenting, children receive not only the love of the mother but also of the father. Moreover, family members can have more time to spend with each other. As a result, they can become more intimate.

In addition, the change in the roles of men and women in the family can lead to many benefits for society and represent an ideal family model. First, when women go to work, they can earn money and help the economy grow more. It is clear that women’s participation in the workplace will certainly contribute a lot to companies and to society. Another reason is that women can accomplish many jobs better than men, such as patchwork. When jobs are assigned to the right people, the company can achieve higher output.

In conclusion, the change in the roles of women and men in the family is the result of greater changes in society, and I believe that these developments are what people want.

Writing Question No. 6

Read the following extract.

Some people believe the aim of university education is to help graduates get better jobs. Others believe there are much wider benefits of university education for both individuals and society.

Discuss both views and give your opinion.

You should write at least 100 words. Your response will be evaluated in terms of Task Fulfilment, Organization, Vocabulary, and Grammar.

v Topic analysis:

The topic belongs to the discussion category (discussing both sides of the problem and stating personal views).

• University education helps getter better jobs
  • Provide useful information for future jobs

Provide useful knowledge for future jobs

• Be more attractive to potential employers

Becoming more attractive in the eyes of employers

• Other benefits of university education for individuals and society
  • Become independent and improve social skills

Become independent and improve social skills

• Become more mature and confident

Become more confident and mature

• Graduates make more contribution to the economy

Bachelor’s degree is more likely to contribute to the economy

v Sample Post

These days, more and more people are making the choice to go to university. While some people believe that the only purpose of a university education is to improve job prospects, others think that society and the individuals benefit in much broader ways.

On the one hand, one of the main aims of university is to secure a better job. It is obvious that university education provides students with useful information which is necessary for their future jobs in different fields. Knowledge gained during university attendance is of great value to graduates after leaving university. Another reason is that in the knowledge-based economy, employers seem to appreciate those with higher education. As a result, graduates seem to be more attractive to potential recruiters than others who do not.

However, there are other benefits for individuals and society. Firstly, the independence of living away from home is a pro because it helps the students develop better social

skills and improve as a person. Another merit is that many students will have to leave their families, live in halls of residence and meet new friends. As a result, they become more mature and confident, which enables them to live more fulfilling lives. Secondly, society will gain from the contribution that the graduates can make to the economy. We are living in a very competitive world, so countries need educated people in order to compete and prosper.

In conclusion, I believe that although a main aim of university education is to get the best job, there are clearly further benefits. If we continue to promote and encourage university attendance, it will lead to a better future for individuals and society.

v  VƏ YA :

Nowadays, more and more people choose to go to college. While some people believe that the sole purpose of going to college is to improve job potential, others think that society and individuals reap more benefits.

On the one hand, one of the main purposes of college is to ensure a better life. It is clear that higher education provides students with the useful knowledge needed for their future jobs in a variety of fields. The knowledge gained while studying at university is very valuable to graduates after graduation. Another reason is that in the knowledge economy, employers seem to value graduate students. As a result, graduates seem more attractive to potential employers than those without a degree.

However, there are many other benefits available to individuals and society. First, being independent while living away from home is an advantage because it helps students develop social skills and improve themselves. Another benefit is that many students will have to move away from home, live in dormitories, and meet new friends. As a result, they become more mature and confident, allowing them to lead more fulfilling lives. Secondly, society will receive more student contributions to the economy. We live in a competitive world, so nations need trained people to compete and prosper.

In conclusion, I believe that although the main purpose of higher education is to have the best job, there are obviously other benefits. If we continue to promote and encourage higher education, it will lead to a better future for both individuals and society.

Writing Question No. 7

You should spend about 40 minutes on this task.  Read the following extract.

Nowadays, an increasing number of Vietnamese students study in a foreign country. While studying abroad is considered a life-transforming opportunity for many students, there are numerous challenges awaiting them. What are your views on this?

You should write at least 100 words. Your response will be evaluated in terms of Task Fulfilment, Organization, Vocabulary, and Grammar.

• Problem analizi: The problem is in the Opinion category, presenting a point of view on an issue

–       Advantages:

• Offer better courses
  • Seek for better employment opportunities (=find a better job)
  • have a higher standard of living in the future
  • Be more independent
    • do everything by themselves (doing housework, managing time, money)

Do everything yourself (housework, time and money management)

• become more mature and more chances to lead a successful life later. Become more mature and have more chances to succeed in life

–       Disadvantages:

• Cause homesickness
  • Have trouble learning a foreign language or meeting culture shock

v Sample post:

Today, a big number of Vietnamese students choose to study abroad. While I accept that overseas courses change students’ life in the future for the better, I also believe that students have to face up with a variety of obstacles.

On the one hand, studying abroad helps students have a better life in the future. It is true that foreign countries often offer better courses than those in their homeland. As a result, students are able to obtain foreign degrees which allow them to seek for better

employment opportunities in the upcoming time. A well-paid job will ensure a higher standard of living. Another reason is that when students learn in another country, they can be more independent. Because they live on their own, they have to learn how to do everything by themselves, for example, doing housework or managing their time and money and so on. Therefore, they will become more mature and have more chances to lead a successful life later. Finally, studying in another country enables learners to study a foreign language, which might aid them to find a job with higher salary in a foreign company.

On the other hand, I also support the view that overseas students usually encounter plenty of difficulties. The first disadvantage is that living alone in an unfamiliar culture can cause homesickness. Some students might miss their families so much that it can badly affect their study. Moreover, learning a foreign language can be a challenge to many students and culture shock is a common problem, too. However, this can be solved if students are well prepared in advance, for example, taking an English course to master the target language and collecting as much information as possible about the destination country.

All in all, it can be clearly seen that the pros of studying abroad outweigh the cons. Provided that students expect difficulties and overcome them, they can succeed in the future.

v  VƏ YA :

Nowadays, many Vietnamese students choose to study abroad. While I think that overseas courses make students’ lives better in the future, I also believe that students face many challenges.

On the one hand, studying abroad helps students have a better life in the future. It is true that foreign countries often offer better courses than those in their home countries. As a result, students can earn a foreign degree that will allow them to seek better career opportunities in the future. A well-paying job will ensure a better quality of life. Another reason is that when students study in another country, they can become more independent. Since they live independently, they have to learn how to do things such as housework, time and money management. As a result, they will become more mature and have more opportunities to live a successful life later on. Finally, studying abroad allows

Students learn a foreign language that can help them find a higher-paying job in a foreign company.

On the other hand, I also agree with the view that international students often face many difficulties. The first downside is that living alone in an unfamiliar culture can lead to homesickness. Some students may miss their family so much that it affects their studies. Moreover, learning a foreign language can be challenging for many people, and culture shock is also a common problem. However, that can be solved if students prepare in advance, for example taking an English course to master the language and gather as much information about the destination as possible.

In conclusion, it can be seen that the benefits of studying abroad outweigh the disadvantages. As long as students anticipate difficulties and overcome them, they can succeed in the future.

Writing Question No. 8

Read the following extract about overpopulation in big cities

“54 per cent of the world’s population lives in urban areas, a proportion that is expected to increase to 66 per cent by 2050. Projections show that urbanization combined with the overall growth of the world’s population could add another 2.5 billion people to urban populations by 2050, with close to 90 percent of the increase concentrated in Asia and Africa, according to a new United Nations report launched today.”

Discuss the effects of overpopulation in big cities and suggest some solutions. You should write at least 100 words. Your response will be evaluated in terms of Task Fulfilment, Organization, Vocabulary, and Grammar.’

v Problem analysis

• Effects of overpopulation in big cities
  • Overpopulation leads to environmental problems like air, water, noise. Population explosion leads to environmental problems such as air, water, and noise pollution.
  • Being too overpopulated causes social issues (higher unemployment rate, crime rate)

–       Solutions

• Provide people with better education, especially in family planning and birth control. Improve education, especially family planning.
  • Make country life better (Upgrading facilities, Moving more companies to the countryside )

v Sample Articles

Overpopulation has become one of the most serious problems in urban areas. According to a report by the United Nations, about half of the world’s population lives in cities and it is estimated that the figure will reach 66% by 2050. This essay will describe the problem of overpopulation in urban areas and suggest possible solutions to tackle them.

It is obvious that being too overcrowded has many negative effects. Firstly, overpopulation leads to environmental problems such as air, water, noise pollution simply because there are too many people living in the area. Another worrying trend is the depletion of natural resources as the Earth cannot produce enough water and food for such an increasing population. Finally, being overpopulated also causes social issues. One of the most critical concerns is the high unemployment rate, which results in higher crime rates as the unemployed cannot make money to support themselves.

Measures should be taken in order to combat with these problems. Firstly, government should provide people with better education especially in efficient family planning. As a result, the birthrate is low, which means fewer people are born every day. Another solution is for the government to make country life better so that fewer people migrate from the countryside to cities. For example, they could upgrade facilities like the cinemas, healthcare facilities, shopping malls and so on. At the same time, it can help if the government moves more companies to the countryside so that people can easily find jobs.

I believe that only these suggested steps are taken, can the problem of overpopulation be improved.

v Translation

The population boom has become one of the most serious problems in the city. According to a United Nations report, about half of the population lives in cities and

it is predicted that this number will increase to 66% by 2050. This essay will describe the problem of population explosion in urban areas and suggest solutions to solve the problem.

It is clear that the population explosion has many negative effects. First, the population explosion leads to environmental problems such as air, water, and noise pollution simply because there are so many people living in that area. Another worrying trend is the depletion of natural resources as the earth is unable to produce enough water and food for its growing population. Finally, the population boom also causes social problems.

One of the biggest concerns is the high unemployment rate, which leads to higher crime rates because the unemployed do not have the money to support themselves.

Measures should be taken to face these problems. First, the government needs to better educate the people especially about effective family planning. Therefore, a low birth rate means that fewer children will be born every day. Another solution is for the government to make life in the countryside better so that fewer people move from the countryside to the city. For example, they can upgrade facilities such as cinemas, healthcare facilities, shopping malls, etc. At the same time, the government can relocate companies to the countryside so that people can easily find work there.

I believe that only when these suggested measures are implemented will the problem of population explosion be improved.

Writing Question No. 9

Read the following extract about unemployment

Today, more school leavers have difficulty in finding jobs. In the UK, recent survey findings show that one million people aged 16-25 are out of work, even though many of them have been looking for jobs for a long time. Unemployment among young people is considered one of the most serious social problems.

Discuss the effects of rising unemployment among young adults and suggest some solutions. You should write at least 100 words. Your response will be evaluated in terms of Task Fulfilment, Organization, Vocabulary, and Grammar.

• Problem analizi: Problems in the category of effects – solutions

–       Effects of unemployment

• Unemployment causes frustration and stress to the unemployed. Unemployment causes despair or stress for the unemployed

• The jobless might forget knowledge and skills they have learned at school. Those who do not have a job may forget the knowledge and skills learned at the school.
  • They might commit crimes as a means to get money. They may commit crimes as a way to make money.

–       Solutions of unemployment

• Individual
• They need to learn more knowledge and skills to meet the employers’ requirements or they could pursue higher education. Individuals need to learn a lot of knowledge and skills that meet the requirements of employers or can go on to higher education.
  • Government
    • Creates more jobs in every sector. The government creates more jobs in all fields.
    • Provides vocational courses and retraining for labour resources. The government provides vocational training courses and retraining the workforce.

v Sample Articles

Nowadays job crisis becomes one of the most critical problems in almost every country in the world, especially among young people. According to a survey in the UK, one million people who are between 16 and 25 are unable to find a job although many of whom have been looking for employment for a long time. This essay will describe the effects of unemployment and propose several solutions to overcome them.

Unemployment leads to serious consequences to both individuals and society. On personal perspective, being jobless causes frustration and stress to the unemployed. After leaving school, many graduates have to earn money to support themselves.

However, being out of work means that they are unable to make any money, which makes them frustrated. Another worrying effect of unemployment is that the jobless might forget knowledge and skills that they have learned at school. Obviously, theory without being put into practice will fade into oblivion day by day. Furthermore, unemployment also has a negative impact on the society. When people are out of work, they may become involved in crime as means to get money. For example, some might steal things or go shoplifting.

Steps could be taken in order to solve the unemployment issue. One obvious solution is that individuals should be self-motivated to learn suitable knowledge and skills to meet employers’ requirements or they could pursue higher

education. Secondly, a solution is for the government to create more jobs in every sector, for instance, attracting foreign investors or encouraging self-employment by promoting state loans. Finally, the government could provide more vocational courses or retraining for the labour resources.

In conclusion, I believe that only when both individuals and governments take actions, can the problem of unemployment be improved.

v  VƏ YA :

Today the work crisis has become one of the most serious problems in almost every country in the world, especially unemployment among young people. According to a study in the UK, one million people between the ages of 16 and 25 are unable to find a job even though many of them have been looking for work for a long time. This essay will describe the effects of unemployment and propose some solutions to overcome this problem.

Unemployment leads to many serious consequences for both individuals and society. On a personal level, unemployment leads to despair and stress for the unemployed. After graduation, many people have to earn money to support themselves. However, unemployment means they can’t earn any money, which makes them desperate. Another worrying consequence is that the unemployed may forget the knowledge and skills they learned in school. It is clear that theory without practice will be forgotten day after day. Moreover, unemployment also has a negative impact on society. When people are unemployed, they may engage in crime as a way to make money. For example, some people may steal things or steal things from the store.

Measures should be taken to solve the problem of unemployment. An obvious solution is that individuals should motivate themselves to learn knowledge and skills that are relevant to the employer’s requirements, or they can go to graduate school. Second, another solution is that the government needs to create jobs in all sectors, for example by attracting foreign investment or encouraging the opening of companies by promoting state lending. Finally, the government can offer vocational courses or retrain human resources.

In short, I believe that only when both individuals and governments take action will the unemployment problem improve.

Writing Question No. 10

Read the following extract about different sources of learning

Some people think that teachers are essential to the learning process. Others argue that students at schools and universities learn far more from other sources (such as the Internet and television) than from lessons with teachers. What are your views on this?

Write an essay to an educated reader. You should write at least 100 words. Your response will be evaluated in terms of Task Fulfilment, Organization, Vocabulary, and Grammar.

• Problem analizi: Opinion questions are written in the form of Balanced Opinion.

–       Benefits of learning from other sources (the Internet and TV)

• Students can get access to a huge source of information on almost every aspect in lives at a very cheap cost. Students can access a large amount of information about almost every area of life at a low cost.
  • Students are able to study at their own pace. Students can learn at their own pace.

–       Benefits of learning with teachers

• Teachers help students to solve their problems by explaining in more details, giving extra exercises or even suggesting a private tutor. Teachers help students solve problems by explaining more specifically, giving additional assignments, or suggesting a private tutor.
  • Teachers stimulate learners’ curiosity by giving questions and instructing them to answer. Teachers arouse curiosity in learners by asking questions and guiding them to answer.

–       Some useful phrases:

• Teachers ~ educationists
  • Learning with teachers ~ teachers’ lessons
  • Learning from other sources ~ learning on the Internet

v Sample Articles

Nowadays thanks to the development of technology, students can learn from various sources such as the Internet and TV. While I accept that they bring numerous benefits, I also believe that teachers’ lessons are of great importance to students’ learning process.

On the one hand, students benefit a lot from learning online or on TV. Firstly, they can get access to a huge source of information on almost every aspect in lives at a very cheap cost. For example, they can do research on the Internet to write an essay or complete their assignments at school. Secondly, students are able to study at their own pace. It is true that online learning is flexible in terms of time and place. In other words, it allows students to study anytime and anywhere they wish. As a result, they can control their studying hours flexibly.

On the other hand, teachers play a crucial role in students’ learning process. It is obvious that teachers help students to solve their problems by explaining in more details, giving extra exercises or even suggesting a private tutor. Moreover, educatists are also capable of stimulating learners’ curiosity by giving questions and instructing them to answer or organizing different activities that motivate students. Last but not least, teachers are well-trained and know which materials are suitable to their students’ levels. Consequently, they can choose accurate information which suits learners’ needs.

Taking everything into consideration, students should make the best use of both sources of learning. They can attend class to be instructed by teachers. At the same time, they ought to use the Internet or TV as a reference or do schoolwork.

v  VƏ YA :

Nowadays, thanks to the development of technology, students can learn from various sources such as the Internet and Television. While I think they bring many benefits, I also believe that lessons with teachers are very important in a student’s learning process.

On the one hand, students gain a lot from learning online or on television. First, they can access a large source of information about almost every area of life at a low cost. For example, they may search the Internet for information to write an essay or complete a school assignment. Secondly, students can learn at their own pace.

Yes, online learning is flexible in terms of time and place. In other words, it allows students to learn wherever they are. As a result, they can control their study time flexibly.

On the other hand, teachers play an important role in the learning process of students. It is obvious that teachers help students solve their problems by explaining in more detail, assigning additional assignments, or suggesting private tutors. Furthermore, educators have the ability to

stimulate curiosity by asking questions or teaching them how to answer or organize a variety of activities to motivate students. Finally, teachers are well-trained and know which materials are suitable for the student’s level. As a result, they can choose the correct information that matches the learner’s level.

In conclusion, students should make the most of both sources of learning. They can join the class to be guided by the teacher. At the same time, it is recommended to use the Internet or Television as a reference source or do schoolwork.

Writing Question No. 11

Read the following extract about video games

Some people argue that video games are ruining our kids’ lives. Others believe that they are providing good opportunities for children to grow and advance. To what extent do you agree or disagree with these opinions?

Write an essay to give your own opinion, including reasons and any relevant examples to support your answer. You should write at least 100 words. Your response will be evaluated in terms of Task Fulfilment, Organization, Vocabulary, and Grammar.

• Topic analysis: The article belongs to the opinion category. Balanced writing

–       Advantages of video games

• They are educational. Educational video games
  • They encourage imagination, creativity, concentration, problem solving. They encourage imagination, creativity, focus, and problem-solving
  • They prepare children for real-world tasks. Video games help children prepare for real-life activities.

–       Disadvantages of video games

• Children are easily addicted to computer games. Children are susceptible to video game addiction.
  • Children spend too much time sitting in front of computer screen, which has a negative impact on their lives. Children spend too much time sitting in front of computer screens. This has a negative impact on their lives.

–       Some useful phrases:

• Video games = gaming
  • In virtual world = a gaming context ><in real world = in reality

• Gamers = users

v Sample Articles

Nowadays more and more people are interested in playing games, especially children. While I accept that video games are beneficial to kids’ growth and advancement, I also believe that they badly affect their lives.

On the one hand, computer games bring plenty of educational benefits, which give children chances to develop different skills. In the first place, games encourage children’s imagination, creativity, concentration and problem solving skills. For example, engaging in a motor racing game, kids have to highly concentrate on it to avoid any obstacles on the road. Another advantage of computer games is that they prepare children for real world tasks. Because games simulate activities in real life, children are able to improve skills needed to complete tasks outside the gaming context. Making cake game, for instance, enables kids to learn how to make a cake in reality.

On the other hand, I believe that gaming has a negative impact on children’s lives. Firstly, children are easily addicted to games because users are motivated to achieve higher scores or new targets. As a result, they spend too much time sitting in front of computer screen, which is harmful to their eyes. Moreover, a sedentary lifestyle might also lead to obesity. Another detrimental effect is that children might not have enough time to take part in outdoor activities or complete their schoolwork, which is important to their lives.

All things considered, it seems to me that the potential dangers of video games outweigh the benefits. As a consequence, parents should limit their children’s time of gaming.

v Translation

Nowadays more and more people love to play video games, especially children. While I think video games are helpful with the development of young children, I also believe that they have a bad effect on their lives.

On the one hand, video games offer many educational benefits, giving children many opportunities to develop different skills. First, video games encourage imagination, creativity, focus, and problem-solving skills. For example, participating in a racing game, children will have to concentrate intensely on the game to avoid obstacles on the road. Another benefit of video games is that they help prepare you for the best of the best.

real-world work. Since the game resembles real-life activities, children can improve the skills needed to complete tasks outside of the game context. For example, baking helps children learn how to bake in practice.

On the other hand, I believe that playing video games has a negative impact on children’s lives. First, children are more likely to become addicted to games because players are stimulated to get higher scores or reach new goals. As a result, they spend too much time sitting in front of a computer screen, which is bad for their eyes. Moreover, a sedentary lifestyle can lead to obesity. Another negative effect is that children may not have enough time to participate in other outdoor activities or complete schoolwork, which is very important to their lives.

All things considered, I think the potential dangers of video games outweigh their benefits. Therefore, parents should limit the time for children to play video games.

Writing Question No. 12

Read the following extract about online learning.

Countless reports, surveys, and studies have shown that online learning isn’t showing any signs of slowing down. In fact, an increasing number of individuals, corporations, and institutions are turning to eLearning as they recognize its effectiveness and its convenience.

Write an essay to discuss the benefits and drawbacks of online learning. You should write at least 100 words. Your response will be evaluated in terms of Task Fulfilment, Organization, Vocabulary, and Grammar.

• Question analysis: Questions in the category of advantage/disadvantage essays

–       Advantages of online learning

• Online learning is convenient. Students can learn anywhere and anytime. Online learning is very convenient. Students can study anywhere, anytime.
  • Learning on the Internet offers courses to a larger number of people at a cheaper cost. Online learning offers a variety of courses for a large number of students at a cheaper cost.

–       Disadvantages of online learning

• Not everyone gets access to online learning courses. Not everyone has access to the online course.
  • Lack interaction between teachers and students and among peers. Online learning lacks interaction between teachers and students as well as between students.

v Sample Articles

It is undeniable that e-learning has become more popular than ever before with a huge number of online courses offered. Many people choose to study online instead of going to classes because of its obvious effectiveness. However, several problems also arise during the process of online learning. This essay will discuss both benefits and drawbacks of learning on the Internet.

On the one hand, e-learning brings various merits. Firstly, it is apparent that learning on the Internet is so much convenient. Students can learn anywhere and anytime instead of taking long hours to go to traditional classes. As a result, they might avoid traffic jams. Besides, as students are able to study at their own pace, they can manage to arrange their busy timetables to study online. Another advantage is that learning on the Internet offers courses to a large number of people at a cheaper cost.

While the number of students in traditional classes is limited, online courses offer attendance to anyone who is connected to the Internet.

On the other hand, learning on the Internet can be negative in several ways. The first disadvantage is that not everyone can get access to online learning courses because some people do not have Internet connection or even if they have, the connection is so weak that it is difficult for them to access virtual courses.

Furthermore, students lack interaction between teachers and students and among peers, which has negative effects on students’ learning outcomes.

In conclusion, it is obvious that there are both benefits and drawbacks of learning online. However, the pros outweigh the cons.

v  VƏ YA :

There is no denying that online learning has become more popular than before with many online courses. Many people choose to learn online instead of going to school in person because of its obvious effectiveness. However, many problems have arisen while learning online. This essay will discuss both the advantages and disadvantages of online learning.

On the one hand, online learning brings many benefits. First of all, it’s obvious that online learning is extremely convenient. Students can study anytime, anywhere instead of spending hours attending classes in person. Therefore, they can avoid traffic jams. Besides, since students can study at their own pace, they can manage to arrange their busy schedules for online learning. Another benefit is that online learning offers courses to many people at a low cost. While the number of students in a traditional classroom is limited, online courses allow anyone with an Internet connection to participate.

On the other hand, online learning can have many disadvantages. Firstly, not everyone can access online courses because some people don’t have an internet connection and even if they do, their connection is so weak that it is difficult to access virtual courses. Moreover, students lack interaction between students and teachers, between classmates, leading to a negative impact on learners’ learning outcomes.

In conclusion, it is clear that there are both benefits and disadvantages to online learning. However, the advantages outweigh the disadvantages.

Writing Question No. 13

Nowadays, a huge number of people use the Internet to collect information. While there are many advantages of finding information on the Internet, people also find it hard to find reliable information online.

Write an essay to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of collecting information on the Internet. You should write at least 100 words. Your response will be evaluated in terms of Task Fulfillment, Organization, Vocabulary, and Grammar.

• Problem analizi: Advantage/disadvantage

–       Advantages

• Instant access
  • Rich information
  • Low cost  Access information at a low price

–       Disadvantages

• Not verified information
  • A popular source of spreading viruses
  • Accidentally access websites with violent or sexual images

v Sample Articles

Nowadays the Internet has become a great source for people to find information. While some people believe it is a useful tool to collect information, they also have difficulties accessing reliable data. This essay will describe both benefits and drawbacks of searching information on the Internet.

On the one hand, there are several merits of obtaining information on the Internet. Firstly, people have an instant access to information. Instead of going to library, nowadays people can stay at home and find information quickly, even within seconds from the comfort of their homes. Secondly, the source of information online is abundant. It is possible for people to get information on almost any subject in life such as education, entertainment. Finally, data found online are at a very low cost or even free of charge. It is true that many websites provide useful information for free or online courses are much more affordable than traditional ones.

On the other hand, collecting information on the Internet has several drawbacks. The first disadvantage is that not all information is accurate because anyone can post information online without being verified. For example, people can freely edit information on Wiki website. Furthermore, the Internet is a popular source of spreading viruses, which can harm your computers. For instance, identity theft is a common problem caused by this. People might lose personal details and a lot more important data. Last but not least, people might accidentally access some bad websites with abusive content like violent or sexual images, which makes them feel annoyed.

In conclusion, it is undeniable that the Internet is a great source of information because of its instant access, rich information and low cost. However, while searching information online, people might also have the risks of losing personal details or find it hard to find reliable information.

v Translation

Nowadays, the Internet has become a source of information for everyone. While some people believe that it is a useful tool for gathering information, they also have many difficulties accessing reliable information. This essay will describe both the advantages and disadvantages of searching for information on the Internet.

On the one hand, there are a few benefits of searching for information on the Internet. First, people can access the information instantly. Instead of going to the library, people can now stay at home and search for information quickly, even within seconds, with

the comfort of being at home. Second, the source of information on the Internet is very rich. People can search for information about almost any area of life such as education and entertainment.

Finally, information is found online at a cheap price or even for free. That’s right, many websites offer useful information for free, or online courses are cheaper than many traditional courses.

On the other hand, online information collection has many disadvantages. First, not all information on the internet is true because anyone can post information online without verification. For example, people can edit the information on the Wiki page at will. Moreover, the Internet is a common source of viruses that harm your computer. For example, the theft of personally identifiable information is a common problem. People can lose personal information and much more important information. Finally, people may stumble upon bad websites with objectionable content such as violent or pornographic images that will make them feel uncomfortable.

In conclusion, there is no denying that the Internet is a great source of information because of its instantaneous, informative, and cheap access to information. However, when people search for information online, they also run the risk of losing personal information or finding it difficult to find reliable information.

Writing Question No. 14

Read the following extract about online shopping.

Nowadays the Internet has become increasingly popular. Many people use it to do business online. As a result, online shopping has grown rapidly recently.

Write an essay to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of online shopping. You should write at least 100 words. Your response will be evaluated in terms of Task Fulfillment, Organization, Vocabulary, and Grammar.

• Question analysis: The topic belongs to the category of advantage/ disadvantage essay

–       Advantages of online shopping

• It is a quicker and cheaper way to shop./ to save time and cost of travelling.

Faster and cheaper online shopping / save time and travel costs

• It allows people to have a wider range of choices./ compare different brands and products. Online shopping gives people more choices/compares different brands and products.

–       Disadvantages of online shopping

• Customers cannot try products before making a purchase. Customers are not allowed to try the product before buying
  • Products sold online are often less reliable. Products sold online are often not as reliable as buying in person.

–       Some useful phrases:

• make a purchase = buy = shop = go shopping = do shopping = purchase
  • Online shopping = buying things/ items on the Internet = Shopping/ buying/ purchasing on the Internet.
  • Products/ things sold online
  • Benefit = merit = advantage = plus points
  • Drawback = downside = disadvantage = negative point

v Sample Articles

Nowadays the Internet has become and more popular, which leads to the growth of shopping online. This essay will describe both benefits and drawbacks of buying things on the Internet.

On the one hand, there are some merits of buying items online. Firstly, it is quicker and cheaper to shop on the Internet. For example, instead of going to traditional stores, people can just stay at home and order the products online. Therefore, it enables them to save time and cost of travelling. Another advantage of purchasing on the Internet is that it allows people to have a wider range of products at a competitive price. As almost everything is sold online nowadays, it is possible for people to do research of the desired product from various providers. Thus, they are able to compare different brands and shops in terms of price, quality, guarantee and so on.

On the other hand, making a purchase on the Internet can be negative in several ways. The first drawback is that customers cannot try the products before buying them. As a result, they might not be satisfied with them when the products get delivered home. For example, it is impossible for people to try on clothes to see if they fit or not. Furthermore, products sold online are often less reliable. To be more specific, customers might see unreal pictures of the products online and the things they buy might have poorer quality than expected.

In conclusion, it can be seen that shopping on the Internet has both merits and downsides. However, I believe that the advantages still outweigh the disadvantages.

v  VƏ YA :

Nowadays, the Internet has become increasingly popular, leading to the development of online shopping. This essay will describe both the advantages and disadvantages of shopping on the Internet.

On the one hand, there are several benefits of buying things online. First, buying things online is faster and cheaper. For example, instead of going to brick-and-mortar stores, people just stay at home and order online. Therefore, it allows people to save time and travel costs. Another benefit of online shopping is that it allows people to have more choices of products at more competitive prices. Since almost everything is sold online these days, people can search for information about the desired product from a variety of suppliers. Therefore, they can compare many brands and stores in terms of price, quality, and warranty.

On the other hand, buying things online can have a few drawbacks. First, customers are not allowed to try the product before buying. As a result, they may not be satisfied with the products when they are delivered to their homes. For example, people can’t try on clothes to see if they fit. Moreover, products sold online are often not as reliable as buying in person. Specifically, customers may see false images of products online and that what they buy is of worse quality than they expected.

In conclusion, it can be seen that buying things online has both benefits and disadvantages. However, I believe that the advantages still outweigh the disadvantages.

Writing Question No. 15:

Taking part in extracurricular activities such as sports and music is becoming as important as academic study. What are the advantages and disadvantages of extracurricular activities for students? Include any relevant examples and reasons to support your answers.

(Participating in extracurricular activities such as sports and music is becoming as important as studying at school. What are the advantages and disadvantages (benefits & disadvantages) of extracurricular activities for students? Give the right examples and reasons to prove your point.)

• Problem analysis

The question belongs to the Advantage-Disadvantage Essay category – State the advantages and disadvantages of a problem.

1. Açılış: State the importance of extracurricular activities for students and state the main idea of the article about the advantages and disadvantages of extracurricular activities for students.
2. ƏSAS HİSSƏ
   1. Paragraph 1: Advantages of extra-curricular activities. Advantages of extracurricular activities
   1. Improve/ enhance soft skills (teamwork, sportsmanship, and leadership skills). Improve soft skills such as teamwork skills, sports skills, leadership skills

Leadership (n)

• Have more opportunities to get admitted to some colleges and universities.

There are many opportunities to gain admission to several colleges and universities

• Release stress and keep fit. Relax and stay healthy
• Paragraph 2: Disadvantages of extra-curricular activities. Disadvantages of Extracurricular Activities
  • Put students on too much pressure and lead to bad academic results. Academic (adj) is academic

Putting too much pressure on students à poor academic performance at school

• Have tight/ busy schedules and less time to relax & spend with their families. Have a busy academic schedule and little time for leisure and family
• Nəticə: In conclusion, extracurricular activities are important to students, so students should balance their time to participate in extracurricular activities.
• Some paraphrases for the topic

Extra-curricular activities ~ after-school activities ~ (organized) after-school activities ~ extra-classroom activities.

• Sample post:

Nowadays, after-school activities play a crucial role in students’ development besides academic study. This essay will discuss both benefits and drawbacks of organized activities after school.

On the one hand, engaging students in extra-classroom activities brings several merits. Firstly, students can enhance their soft skills such as teamwork, sportsmanship and leadership skills which are essential when they grow up and enter the world. Another outstanding point is that extra-curricular activities bring students more chances to get admitted to some colleges and universities. It is true that some colleges and universities

look for well-rounded students. It means that they require students not only to have great academic results but also possess achievements in activities after school. Finally, extra-curricular activities also allow students to release stress and keep fit. Taking up sport or music clubs, for example, can improve students’ mental as well as physical health.

On the other hand, involvement in extracurricular activities also have negative effects on students. The first disadvantage is that it can put pressure on students. Balancing schoolwork with extracurricular activities can be stressful for some students as many activities might take up valuable time that they need to complete their homework. This might lead to bad academic results at school. Besides, if students take part in too many activities, they will have very tight schedules which result in less time to relax or spend with their families. Consequently, it might have bad effects on students’ health and family relationship.

In conclusion, although extra-curricular activities have some downsides, I believe that if students learn how to balance organized activities after school and academic study, they will benefit a lot from these programs.

Engage (v) Engage

Outstanding (adj) prominent, outstanding, remarkable Well-rounded (adj) wide and diverse Participation (n) participation

Take up: take up

•  VƏ YA :

In today’s world, extracurricular activities play an important role in the development of students in addition to learning at school. This essay will discuss both the advantages and disadvantages of extracurricular activities.

On the one hand, there are many benefits to children’s participation in extracurricular activities. First of all, children can improve soft skills such as teamwork skills, sports skills, leadership skills which are important skills in the process of children growing up and maturing. Another highlight is the extracurricular activities that give students a wide range of opportunities for admission to several colleges and universities. Indeed,

Some colleges and universities look for perfect students. That means they require students not only to have good academic results, but also to have achievements in extracurricular activities. Finally, extracurricular activities also allow students to relax and stay healthy. For example, joining sports or music clubs helps children improve their physical and mental health.

On the other hand, participating in extracurricular activities can be stressful for students. Balancing schoolwork with extracurricular activities can be stressful for some students because activities take up valuable time to complete homework. This can lead to poor academic performance. Besides, if students participate in too many activities, they will have busy schedules that result in less time for entertainment or less time for family. As a result, it adversely affects the health of students and relationships with families.

In conclusion, although extracurricular activities have a few disadvantages, I believe that if students know how to balance extracurricular activities and their schoolwork, they will benefit greatly from these activities.

Writing Question No. 16:

Deforestation is made by cutting trees for housing, agriculture, wood. It causes air pollution. Human is facing the problem. Some people say that individuals are not responsible for solving air pollution, but the government will take responsibility for solving this. Do you agree or disagree with this statement?

Deforestation is caused by cutting down trees for houses, agriculture, and timber. Deforestation causes air pollution. Humans are facing problems. Some argue that individuals are not responsible for solving the problems of air pollution but that the government has to do it. Do you agree or not?

It is undeniable that air pollution has become a controversial issue that puts severe pressure on our rhythm of life, such as deforestation made by cutting of trees for housing, agriculture, wood. As far as I am concerned, pollution on Earth has reached such as an alarming level that immediate involvement from governments and individual collaboration now is of great importance.

(Nowadays, air pollution on the Earth has reached such as an alarming level, and one of the main causes of this problem is deforestation, which is made by cutting of trees for housing, agriculture, wood. While I completely agree that the government will take

responsibility for solving air pollution, I do not agree that individuals are not responsible for solving this.)

On the one hand, the government could reduce air pollution in many ways. In the first place, it is necessary for the government to encourage power stations to use more environmentally friendly energy sources such as renewable energy including solar power, wind power instead of fossil fuels. Besides, stricter punishments should be imposed for illegal logging and forest clearance to make sure that forests are managed and protected. It is widely known that trees help absorb carbon dioxide (and release oxygen) into the atmosphere, thus reduce air pollution and climate change.

Log (v) chop into pieces

deforestation ≈ forest clearance ≈ illegal logging

On the other hand, (I disagree with the idea that individuals are not responsible for minimizing air pollution as they also play an important part in tackling this problem in their surroundings.) everyone should be aware of minimizing the air pollution in their surroundings. Firstly, they can use public transportation such as bus to decrease the amount of emission from vehicles. Secondly, the household wastes should be reduced as much as possible. For example, instead of using plastic bags, people are encouraged to use cloth or paper bags to decrease the plastic consumption. Moreover, prioritizing the green energy also take a vital role in lowering the air pollution level. Last but not least, people should participate in some activities like afforestation, reforestation to expand forest area.

In conclusion, both national governments and individuals must (work) contribute together to reduce air pollution.

It is undeniable that air pollution has become a debate that puts pressure on the rhythm of life, such as deforestation due to cutting down trees to build houses, farming, and timber. In my opinion, the pollution on earth has reached an alarming level where the involvement of both the government and the people is very important

On the one hand, the government can reduce air pollution in many ways. First,

The government needs to encourage capacity plants to use environmentally friendly energy sources such as solar and wind energy instead of using fossil energy. Second, heavier penalties should be imposed for the felling of trees for timber or deforestation to ensure that forests are managed and protected. As we know,

Trees help absorb atmospheric CO2 thereby reducing air pollution and climate change.

On the other hand, individuals should be aware of reducing ambient air pollution. Firstly, they can use public transportation such as buses and trains to reduce emissions from vehicles. Second, household waste needs to be reduced as much as possible. For example, instead of using ball bags, people should be encouraged to use cloth or paper bags to reduce plastic consumption. In addition, prioritizing clean energy plays an important role in reducing pollution levels.

In conclusion, it is clear that both governments and citizens need to understand the harmful impact on the environment and are responsible for reducing environmental losses.

Writing Question No. 17

Advantages and disadvantages of multitasking

Multitasking = doing many/several things/ tasks at the same time = Working on different stuffs simultaneously = simultaneous execution of multiple tasks

v Advantages

• Increase efficiency/ productivity. Because it allows people to complete more tasks at the same time. People can make the best of time to do other things/different things.
• Strengthen metal concentration. It means that… stay focused on various tasks to get them done. As a result, … promote human brain activity.

v Disadvantages of multitasking

• Reduce work quality – As when doing too many things at the same time, people may make a lot of mistakes. People can produce poor work performance.
• Have negative effects on health – As high level of concentration can put pressure on human brains. So it makes people feel very tired.

Sample post:

Nowadays, due to the pressure of work, people often have to do many things at the same time. This can increase labor productivity, but it can also make us feel tired. In this essay, I will discuss both benefits and drawbacks of multitasking.

On the one hand, there are many advantages of working on different things simultaneously. In the first place, multitasking increases work efficiency significantly as

it allows people to complete more tasks at the same time. Therefore, people can make better use of time to do different things. For example, some individuals can respond to emails while listening to a podcast. This helps them save time to learn new things.

Another merit of simultaneous execution of multiple tasks is that it strengthens mental concentration. It means that we can stay focused on various tasks to get them done. As a result, doing several things at the same time promotes human brain activity.

On the other hand, multitasking can be negative in several ways. The first disadvantage is that performance of multiple tasks can reduce work quality. Because when doing too many things at the same time, people may make a lot of mistakes and consequently they can produce poor work performance. Besides, doing many things simultaneously can cause serious effects on health. A high level of concentration while working on different things simultaneously will put pressure on human brain, so it makes people feel very fatigued.

In conclusion, working many tasks at the same time can bring many advantages as well as disadvantages. Therefore, we should balance the workload to avoid the undesirable impacts of multitasking.

execution (n) execution. performance(n) performance